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Saturday, October 18, 2014

Essay: A Father's Day Story by Gardenia c. Hung on ScribeSlice

Essay: A Father's Day Story by Gardenia c. Hung on ScribeSlice


                       “What Would My Father Say…If He Were Alive Today in June 2014?”
In Memory of Mr. Roberto Hung Juris Doctor
I were alive today, I would be 83 years old, enjoying retirement as a senior citizen and Lombard resident homeowner in District 5, York Township, County of DuPage, Illinois USA. 
During June 2014, I would have celebrated my 83rd birthday anniversary since June 7, 1931, along with my Niece Olivia Hung-Simons (Leaver) and god-daughter who was born on the same date, the first daughter of my eldest brother Miguel Hung and his wife, Silvia Hung-Simons.  My second Niece Mireya Hung Lee is also born on June 30th.  When I got married in March 1957, my Nieces Olivia and Gertrudis were the flower girls at my wedding to G. Fong Ramos at the Cathedral of Santiago de Cuba in Oriente, Cuba.  All my Brothers, Sisters, Nephews, Family Relatives, Friends, Colleagues, and Associates attended the wedding celebrations and were invited to all family events. 
In retrospect, time passed by… my family relatives became adults and I did not attend the weddings for Olivia and Wayne Leaver, Miguel and Pam Hung, Santiago and Ileana, Guillermo and Millie, Mireya, Ileana, Santiago, Joaquin, Teresita, and/or the other family members.  All my Nieces and Nephews remember meeting with me when I visited them during travels to Miami, Hialeah in Florida and Queens, Flushing, Long Island, New York, USA.  My Sister-in-Law Silvia Hung-Simons did recall how I used to help her with Olivia who was my god-daughter, Miguelito, the second son, and the other two (2) children, Santiago and Raymundo when she lived at the house in Santiago de Cuba, Oriente, Cuba and I was studying at the University of Oriente.
Twentty (20) years ago, I purchased a second Lombard home at 502 South Westmore-Meyers Road and Washington Boulevard upon referral from Baird & Werner Realtor Paulette Weininger who contacted Century 21 Realtor Dino N. Lekousis at the Lombard Pines Shopping Center during August 1993.  My wife and son had already purchased the first Lombard home at 342 West Harrison and Elizabeth Street, near Finley Road near the Lombard Park District in DuPage County, Illinois USA. 
Linda Schuster who lived in Westmont was the girlfriend of Paul Rathe who referred my youngest son and wife to buy a house in Village of Lombard, also known as Lilac Town for the Lilac Parade celebration near Main Street. My youngest son and wife moved to the Village of Lombard in 1992 urged by the insistence of Paul Rathe, a boyfriend who lived on Roscoe St. near Halsted St., Lakeview area in Chicago, Illinois USA. 
My son’s friends and realtors wanted him to ask me for $10,000 cash in down payment for the Lombard home, coming from my IRA retirement funds and life-savings from working 4-5 jobs during the week and weekends; in addition, I had to provide monthly cash support for my wife and son while they lived in a Lombard home in DuPage County, Illinois USA. 
One year afterwards, my son and wife insisted that I moved to Lombard with my daughter and son-in-law in order to buy a second home with the remainder of my 401K and IRA retirement savings funds.The Lombard Historic Brick Bungalow at 502 South Westmore-Meyers Road and Washington Boulevard was built in 1927 in Lilac Town, District 5, York Township in DuPage County, Illinois USA.This Lombard Historic Brick Bungalow remained at the corner of Westmore Avenue and Washington Blvd. since the Ahrens Family built the Lombard property in 1927.
Two centuries later, on September 2nd, 1993, I purchased the Lombard Historic Brick Bungalow from Debra Y. Sekrecki, with an initial down payment of $2,000, as earnest money paid by personal check, added to the total cash payment of $88,000 at a fixed interest rate not to exceed 8.00% per year, amortized over a period of fifteen (15) years.
At the time, Debra Y. Sekrecki had two (2) children, a boy and a girl, lived with Stella, the tenant upstairs, and father Adam Sekrecki. Three months before, on July 11, 1993, I signed a Standard Residential Sales Contract from the Du Page Association of Realtors in agreement to purchase the Lombard real estate property at 502 S. Westmore Avenue in Lombard, Illinois 60148-3028 , owned by seller Debra Y. Sekrecki. The original closing date was scheduled on September 11, 1993. However, I was called by telephone to appear sooner on September 2nd, 1993, at 3:30 p.m., at the law office of Alan Dakoff, Telephone: 708-966-0488, located at 9291 North Maryland, in Niles, Illinois 60714 , U.S.A. Century 21, Action Real Estate provided a Buyer Service Pledge presented by Steve Block, Telephone: 630-627-5500, and Dino, the real estate agent with Roberto Hung and family, who signed in agreement.
Afterwards, I  received a copy of Rider 412, Buyer’s Inspection which he signed as buyer with Debra Sekrecki, as seller. In 1993, Century 21, Action Real Estate described in a listing the Highlights of the Lombard Historic Brick Bungalow at the corner of Westmore Avenue and Washington Blvd., owned by Debra Y. Sekrecki with tenant Stella. At the time, the Du Page County Real Estate Taxes were only $2,744 for the brick house.
After I purchased the same Lombard Brick House, the Lombard property taxes doubled for more than $4,000, without providing the senior citizens Homestead Exemption.
This Lombard Brick Home Parcel Lot is located near Westmore Elementary School and St. Pius X Church School, Jackson Middle School , and Willowbrook High School . George Hornbeck’s Parcel No. 06-09-315038 is a subdivision, spacious 4-bedroom brick home with a second floor in-law or potential income arrangement. There were nine (9) room available with hardwood floors. Full finished basement. Front and rear enclosed porches for added living space. Fully fenced yard with a gas grill. There was a 2-car garage. Public transportation is available. This Lombard home parcel lot is close to school and shopping, near the Eastgate Center and State of Illinois facilities for the Secretary of State Vehicle Licenses Center and the Illinois Employment and Training Center (I.E.T.C.). Action Real Estate for Century 21 was serving Du Page and Cook counties at the Lombard Pines Shopping Center, 1125-J South Main Street, Lombard, Illinois 60148, in care of realtor Dino.
On September 2nd, 1996, I completed full cash payment of the Lombard Brick Home at Maple Park State Bank, witnessed by my daughter, Gardenia C. Hung, and the bank manager. We  improved this Lombard Brick house by adding oak cabinets, an exterior halogen flood night light, (2) automatic garage door openers, changed all door locks, added gardening landscaping, apple trees orchard, and perennial flowers, and exotic plant species. Specifications for the Lombard Historic Brick Bungalow: Living Room: 25.4 X 11.10 sq. ft. Dining Room: 13.1 X 13.2 sq. ft. Kitchen: 11.6 X 10.8 sq. ft. Master Bdrm: 11.10 X 10.6 sq. ft. Bedroom: 11.5 X 10.6 sq. ft. Bedroom: 11.3 X 10.0 sq. ft. Bedroom: 15.8 X 10.0 sq. ft. Living Room: 13.10 X 12.2 sq. ft. Kitchen: 15 X 14 sq. ft. Pantry: 6 X 4 sq. ft. Utilities in the Basement. Basement Full Finished. Storage Rooms: 2. Closets: 10 

Friday, August 15, 2014

A Lombard Victim Injected and Abducted After Midnight - GHWittler - Open Salon

A Lombard Victim Injected and Abducted After Midnight - GHWittler - Open Salon



I am a resident homeowner and taxpayer, Lombard Victim of Crime After Midnight abused, injected, and kidnapped at 502 S. Westmore-Meyers Road and Washington Boulevard, in DuPage County, Illinois 60148, USA.



After midnight and while I was sleeping after working as a Certified Legal Court Interpreter and Translator, intruders would come into the house and inject me behind the right ear and on the rear of the right ear. I was unconscious and sleeping during the kidnapping.

Wednesday, June 25, 2014

A Lombard Funeral at Brust Funeral Home and St. Pius X Catholic Church in the Diocese of Joliet | GHung's Blog

A Lombard Funeral at Brust Funeral Home and St. Pius X Catholic Church in the Diocese of Joliet | GHung's Blog



On the day Roberto Hung was abused and throttled by Respiratory Therapist Ben Aguilar at Vencor Northlake Hospital, June 18, 1998, I called St. John Bosco Church at Northlake to see what happened to my Father as a patient. Afterwards, I drove back to Brust Funeral Home on Main Street in Lombard to arrange for the Autopsy by Shaku Teas M.D., forensic pathologist contracted by John Brust in Lombard, Illinois.



Brust Funeral Home’s manager J. Foreman began to plan Roberto Hung’s Visitation and Funeral Mass at St. Pius X Catholic Church on June 25, 1998–one week after Respiratory Therapist Ben Aguilar had murdered the patient Roberto Hung by shattering the tracheostomy and puncturing his heart early in the morning, around 7:00 a.m. at Vencor Northlake Hospital.



When I returned back to our Lombard home in District 5, I called St. Pius X Catholic Church, one block away to talk to Sister Pauline Schultz, the Franciscan nun who arranges the Funeral Mass for the parishioners in the Diocese of Joliet, Illinois USA. Soprano Jean Ceithaml sang the Ave Maria. The funeral flower arrangements were ordered from Blossoms and left at St. Pius X. In addition, I paid in cash $500 by check to St. Pius X for the Funeral Mass Services on June 25, 2012.



On Roberto Hung’s Funeral Day, very few people from the Village of Lombard attended. No one from the Lombard Town Hall nor the Lombard Police or Fire Department sent any sympathy cards or donations nor any monetary contributions for me or my family as Lombard resident homeowners in bereavement and loss of a family member. None from DuPage County government mailed any sympathy card either for Roberto Hung’s funeral day at St. Pius X Catholic Church in the Village of Lombard, after the Lombard resident homeowner and taxpayer spent all of his Illinois retirement income and funds in DuPage County, York Township, District 5.



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Sunday, June 22, 2014

My American Dream is to be compensated with cash and restitution for the...




My American Dream is to be compensated with cash and restitution for investing in Real Estate at the Village of Lombard, after buying two (2) Lombard homes with my Father Mr. Roberto Hung--a Historic Lombard Bungalow built in 1927 which had been owned by Debra Sekrecki and her father Adam Sekrecki.  My Chinese-Cuban family bought the American Dream and lived to own two (2) Lombard homes for Real Estate property in Illinois.  For the last 21 years, I have lived as a Lombard resident homeowner who invested in Real Estate property in Du Page County.  The Hung-Wittler Family has invested fully in the American Dream in Lombard, Du Page County, Illinois.

Four (4) months after my Father, Mr. Roberto Hung, purchased and paid full cash for the American Dream of owning a Lombard Historic Brick Bungalow, on September 2, 1996, he was severely injured at our Lombard home with a traumatic brain injury and aneurysm, upon return from  a full-day’s work at The Pampered Chef in Addison, and Dominick’s Fine Foods Store in Oakbrook Terrace, Du Page County, Illinois, USA.

What do you consider the American Dream to be?  Every American has the right to cash compensation and restitution as resident homeowners.

After owning Lombard real estate property in Du Page County, I consider the American Dream to be able to be free as an individual who has inherent and inalienable rights to freedom of speech, civil rights, Victims’ Rights, inclusion in civil procedure, the right to the pursuit of happiness.

My American Dream is to receive my cash on my Real Estate investment with a refunded payment, compensation, and restitution for my Lombard Real Estate Property Damages and Losses for Criminal Roofing Disaster Water Liabilities Caused by the Village of Lombard.

For the last 21 years, the Village of Lombard has been using me as a resident homeowner who has been abused, kidnapped, physically injured, tortured, and denied Victims’ Rights to be included in the civil proceedings against those persons who have injured me and denied me U.S. Constitutional Civil Rights in the Village of Lombard, District 5, near Saint Pius X Catholic Church Parish, the Deicke Home for the Retarded, and the Illinois Secretary of State Motor Vehicles Licenses Facility in York Township, Du Page County, Illinois USA.

Monday, June 16, 2014

A Daughter's Story - GHung - Open Salon

A Daughter's Story - GHung - Open Salon

In 1992, my Mother Mrs. Gardenia Fong Ramos and my youngest brother Robert S. Hung with his boyfriend Paul Rathe purchased a Lombard home with homeowners’ credit and a cash down deposit of $10,000 given by my Father Mr. Roberto Hung from his IRA retirement funds.   Then, they moved to the Lilac Town with a Pomeranian dog near Sunset Knolls Park District on Finley Road, Sacred Heart Catholic Church on Elizabeth Street, and Lilacia Park near Main Street in the Village of Lombard, Du Page County, Illinois USA.  Randy Stob is the Lombard realtor who sold my brother Robert the real estate property in Du Page County and deliberately set out to bring the rest of the family of Mr. Roberto Hung Juris Doctor, his Daughter, and Husband to buy a Lombard home in Du Page County, Illinois.

When Paul Rathe, a young urban gay who lived on Roscoe Street near Halsted Street, Boys Town and Lakeview in Chicago, convinced my youngest brother and mother to buy a Lombard home and move to the western suburbs in Du Page County during 1992, he did not tell them that buying Lombard real estate would cause chronic health and medical problems for them, long-term disease,
psychiatric problems, violence against women, assault, physical abuse, biomedical and bio-sexual transgendered studies, hospitalizations, traumatic brain injuries, head concussions, tragedy, family death, and abuse of human rights in housing under the law in York Township, Illinois, USA.  Paul Rathe introduced my brother and mother to Baird & Warner realtor Paulette Weininger who found a Lombard home for them at 342 West Harrison Street near Sacred Heart Catholic Church on Elizabeth Street, Finley Road and Main Street close to Walgreens, near the Du Page County Crisis Unit, a Medical Group Practice located at 440 South Finley Road and Washington Blvd. in the Village of Lombard, Illinois 60148 USA.  Linda Schuster who lived in Westmont was the girlfriend of Paul Rathe who referred my brother and mother to buy a house in Village of Lombard, also known as Lilac Town for the annual Lilac Parade celebration near Main Street in Spring time.

Randy Stob, the Lombard realtor who sold them the real estate property at 342 West Harrison Street near Elizabeth Street and Finley Road, began to encourage my brother Robert S. Hung and my Mother to bring other people in the family, to include her Daughter with her father and husband to buy Lombard real estate property in Du Page County, Illinois USA.
Since my Mother and Brother purchased Lombard real estate property from the same Lombard realtor, I have been kidnapped four (4) times in District 5, York Township, Du Page County by friends of the Lombard realtor and his associates in the Du Page Realtors Association in Illinois USA.

I had already worked as a Certified Legal Interpreter and Translator in Wheaton, Geneva, Oak Brook in Du Page County, as well as St. Charles, Batavia, Elgin, Aurora in Kane County, and DeKalb, Illinois.


During June 1993, Mr. Roberto Hung started looking to purchase real estate property for a home in Du Page County near my brother and mother in Lombard, Illinois.  After my Father, myself, and my husband purchased a historic Lombard Brick Bungalow at 502 South Westmore Avenue and Washington Boulevard, near Saint Pius X Catholic Church, we began to invite and entertain family and friends at our Lombard home in District 5, Du Page County, Illinois USA.   During April 1994 and Lilac Time, the family of Mr. Roberto Hung Juris Doctor entertained  and hosted Nathan S. Wittler’s retired Christian missionary parents, Reverend Melvin A. Wittler and Mrs. Nancy Wittler Patriquin who were travelling in the Chicago area and the United States on furlough from Istanbul, Turkey, in the Middle East. 

Figure 1  Mr. Roberto Hung Juris Doctor, Mrs. Nancy
Wittler, Reverend Melvin A. Wittler and his Mother Wittler at the Star of
Chicago Wedding Reception on June 18, 1988
In addition, my Mother’s youngest sister, Mrs. Xiomara Fong Ramos de Zayas from Santiago de Cuba, was invited to visit the Village of Lombard for six (6) months to stay with her oldest sister whom she had not seen in more than twenty (20) years—our family had left Cuba during the Catholic Freedom Flights and arrived in Miami, Florida on July 19, 1971.  My parents, Mr. Roberto Hung and Mother Mrs. Gardenia Fong Ramos, chose to relocate to Chicago, Illinois sponsored by
Catholic Charities.


After my Mother’s sister, Aunt Xiomara Fong Ramos de Zayas, visited the Village of Lombard in 1994, I was kidnapped after I completed an interpreting assignment for Interlate Systems Inc. in Aurora, Kane County, Illinois USA.  I was working as a Certified Legal Interpreter and Translator, also as commissioned Illinois Notary Public for more than twenty (20) years, working with Action Translation Bureau managed by Joseph Raudonis in Palos Heights, Carmen Kenny & Associates in Arlington Heights, Interlate Systems Inc. in Elgin and Batavia, Kane County, and other translation agencies affiliated to the Chicago Area Translators Association (CHICATA) and the American Translators Association (ATA) under the aegis of the Federation of International Translators (FIT).

My name is Gardenia C. Hung, estranged spouse of Nathan Scott Wittler Patriquin,  Age 55 years old, eldest daughter of the late Mr. Roberto Hung Juris Doctor and his surviving widow Mrs.
Gardenia Fong Ramos, DOB February 2, 1938, a disabled, retired senior citizen, 76 years of age, who was transferred from Elmhurst Memorial Hospital during the year 2006 to the Chicagoland area unbeknown to me, her first daughter who is a Lombard resident homeowner and was living at 502 South Westmore Avenue and Washington Boulevard in District 5, York Township, Du Page County, Illinois  60148-3028 USA.    


Eight (8) years have passed since I last saw my Mother, Mrs. Gardenia Fong Ramos, who is now a disabled senior citizen living on the north side of Chicago, 48th Democratic Ward, in the Edgewater neighborhood, near Loyola University, Lake Shore Campus by Lake Michigan, Illinois USA.

I am a Lombard resident homeowner and Catholic parishioner near St. Pius X Catholic Church, who was helping my Mother Mrs. Gardenia Fong Ramos, widow of the late Mr. Roberto Hung Juris Doctor, after her forced hospitalization to the Psychiatric Ward in the care of Dr. McKenna and Social Worker Tilary at Illinois Masonic Medical Center by Jim Wilbrot, Sally, Timothy Tromasina, James and his friends in Oak Park, who committed her  with the Chicago Police Department on Addison Street near Halsted Street , In the Lakeview and Boys’ Town neighborhoods during 2005.

I have not seen My Mother since January 12, 2006 when I found her injured at our Lombard Brick Bungalow, 502 South Westmore-Meyers Road and Washington Boulevard, across Mrs. Shimek’s green home and Robyn’s brick brownstone. 


Eight (8) years have passed since the Du Page County Clerk Gary King told me that my Mother was
dead, but I did not believe him when I replied that my Mother was not dead.  Du Page County and Cook County Social Workers and other medical facilities in Illinois have not contact me as my
Mother’s daughter and next-of-kin family member, even when my Mother was staying with me as a Lombard resident during November and December 2005, and January 2006. 


 

Sunday, June 15, 2014

A Never Ever Tell Her Story... - GHWittler - Open Salon

A Never Ever Tell Her Story... - GHWittler - Open Salon



“He Never Tells Her Why He Never Pays Her” Ever since the Hung-Wittler Family moved to the Village of Lombard as resident homeowners and taxpayers, where they lived at 502 South Westmore-Meyers Road and Washington Boulevard by St. Pius X Catholic Church and School community at the corner of Madison Street and Westmore-Meyers Road in District 5, York Township, DuPage County, in the State of Illinois, USA.  Other Lombard homeowners who never ever pay for Lilac Town real estate property and never complete payment on the real estate holding get large lump sums of cash money to leave the Village of Lombard.  While the Daughter of Roberto Hung never gets any cash lump sum for the Lombard Historic Bungalow he purchased on September 2nd, 1993.  Others come and go with Lombard real estate cash from Roberto Hung’s Lombard real estate investment at 502 S. Westmore Avenue, but the Daughter who worked for her Father and helped to purchase the real estate property “Never Gets Any Money From The Real Estate Transactions nor the Court Settlements in Roberto Hung’s Name Post-Humously”.  For the last twenty-one (21) years, cash has been flowing in and out from the Village of Lombard on behalf of Roberto Hung and Family after they purchased two (2) Lombard homes in York Township, Du Page County, Illinois USA.  However, Roberto Hung Never Ever received any lump sum real estate payment from Lombard upon his retirement because he was abused, beaten, tortured, and severely injured so that he become a Traumatic Brain Injury disabled homeowner after suffering a stroke from an aneurysm at home on December 22, 1996—following the full purchase of the Lombard Historic Bungalow.  The Daughter has also been kidnapped four (4) times, abused, tortured, and severely injured with hits to the head so that she become hospitalized, unconscious, and unable to stand in a court hearing as an Illinois Victim of Crimes, while she was a Lombard resident homeowner, working full-time, and returning home late from work in Illinois.  “He Never Tells Her Why He Never Pays Her” because he deliberately withholds police reports, court records, and witnesses’ statements identifying the perpetrators and the criminals who persecute her and harass her subconsciously.   
The Psychiatrist who treated the Daughter of Roberto Hung as an unconscious and conscious Illinois Victim of Crimes paid large lump sums of money to the State of Illinois to withhold and remove his name and those of the staff from Northeastern Illinois University, the University of Illinois at Chicago, Madonna High School, and Avondale Elementary School from appearing on records, so that the Daughter Never Knows Who Harms Her, Harasses Her, and Persecutes as an Illinois Victim of Heinous Hate Crimes.  “He Never Tells Her Why He Never Pays Her” Ever since Roberto Hung purchased Lombard real estate property.  The Mother knows why the homosexual gay and lesbian people she knows wanted her Daughter to live in Lilac Town, pretending that she has to be prostituting herself to live homeless on the streets of Du Page County, Illinois USA.  The Daughter was married by law on June 18, 1988 before a Justice of the Peace at City Hall in Chicago, Illinois  USA.  The Mother whose name is the same as the Daughter of Roberto Hung has friends who wanted them to leave in Lilac Town, so that they would have to purchase Lombard real estate property to Du Page Realtors and pay more money in Illinois. 
“He Never Tells Her Why He Never Pays Her” Ever because the Mother abuses her Daughter’s Civil Rights and Civil Procedure pretending that she is the senior head of household in the family; when the Mother never ever contacts the Daughter nor does she communicate with the woman who is 54 years old and an Illinois Victim of Heinous Hate Crimes.  Court Settlements and Real Estate Transactions have been paid in cash on behalf of Mr. Roberto Hung and Family, but “He Never Ever Tells Why He Never Pays Her”, the Daughter who has been the representative of Roberto Hung’s household and kept the house for him during his lifetime at 502 S. Westmore-Meyers Road and Washington Boulevard in District 5, York Township, Du Page County, Illinois USA.  Because he keeps the money to pay for himself and other parasites around him and the Mother who never calls the Daughter or includes her in the social and business transactions surrounding the Estate of Mr. Roberto Hung and Family.  The Daughter Never Ever Gets Any Money from the problems caused by the Mother and her friends.  “He Never Tells Her Why He Never Pays Her” and the Mother “Never Ever Tells The Daughter What She Has Done To Mr. Roberto Hung and Family”, because he was murdered at Vencor Northlake Hospital on June 18, 1998 by Ben Aguilar, the Respiratory Therapist under the supervision of Dr. Raied Abdullah, M.D. and Dr. Paul Grodzin, M.D., and Janelle Nance R.N., Director of Nursing at Vencor Northlake Hospital in Cook County and Elmhurst Memorial Hospital in DuPage County, Illinois USA.

Lilac Town is A Real Estate Heaven in The Western Suburbs - GHung - Open Salon

Lilac Town is A Real Estate Heaven in The Western Suburbs - GHung - Open Salon



The Village of Lombard is a real estate haven for family looking to live the America Dream of owning your own home in the western suburbs...far away from the maddening crowd.

 
The big surprise came after Lombard Real Estate property taxes skyrocketed from $2,500 for the original Lombard home to $5,999, ten (10) years after September 2, 1993. In addition, the Lombard Water and Sewage Billing Charges began to escalate three times as much, especially when our family was working and not flushing the toilet, washing, or doing dishes in the kitchen.

 
What makes Lilac Town unique? Not only are the lilacs fragrant to visitors, but also to intruders who trespassed in my Lombard garden to cut off branches from my Lilac Bush. Trespassers also entered through the shed door and made themselves at home when our family members were working.

 
Unexpected incidents began to take place after our family members returned home from work, especially after midnight. While people were sleeping, Lombard intruders walked into our bedroom and started to pull us from the Master Bed, injecting drugs to silence screaming. Kidnappings after midnight take place in Lilac Town. Entrapment and Police Crime really ruins Lilac Town for everyone.



In the summer of 2004, the original plumbing pipes in the old house built in 1927 began to leak and wear out.  Demins Plumbing from Downers Grove began to repair and replace the old plumbing pipes with new ones at our own homeowners' expense.  Then, the second bathroom plumbing pipe began to leak upstairs and burst flooding water from the second floor to the first floor and onto the basement.  The water main valve was shut-off permanently to prevent further flooding.  There was no Lombard Water Service due to old plumbing piping which required to be updated in the old Lombard home.

 
During June 18, 2005, Lombard intruders jumped the adjoining garden fence and trespassed into the garden damaging the existing lawn and pulling off the roofing wooden structure, tearing shingles and pulling off the boards onto the Lombard garden borders ruining all the flowerbeds and strawberry patches planted there.

 
The Village of Lombard allowed trespassers to ruin Lilac Town homeowners' real estate property by ordering roofing damages and losses at the corner of Westmore-Meyers Road and Washington Boulevard in York Township, Du Page County, Illinois.

 
On November 5, 2008, our Lombard home was demolished and our family became homeless.

 
A lot of Lombard homeowners become homeless in the western suburbs.

 
The Village of Lombard purchased the empty lot and starting ruining the existing landscape by cutting up the Stark Brothers Golden Delicious Apple Tree and the Roses.

 
Now our Lombard real estate property is up for sale, after thieves have been stealing our belongings from the garage.

 
The moral of the story is that Lilac Town real estate property costs the life of my father and took up all of his 401K retirement savings funds from his life's work in Illinois, after he purchased two (2) Lombard homes in York Township, Du Page County, Illinois USA.

A Father's Day Story: A Lombard Resident Homeowner, DuPage - GHung - Open Salon

A Father's Day Story: A Lombard Resident Homeowner, DuPage - GHung - Open Salon



“What Would My Father Say…If He Were Alive Today in June 2014?”

In Memory of Mr. Roberto Hung Juris Doctor
I were alive today, I would be 83 years old, enjoying retirement as a senior citizen and Lombard resident homeowner in District 5, York Township, County of DuPage, Illinois USA.  During June 2014, I would have celebrated my 83rd birthday anniversary since June 7, 1931, along with my Niece Olivia Hung-Simons (Leaver) and god-daughter who was born on the same date, the first daughter of my eldest brother Miguel Hung and his wife, Silvia Hung-Simons.  My second Niece Mireya Hung Lee is also born on June 30th.  When I got married in March 1957, my Nieces Olivia and Gertrudis were the flower girls at my wedding to G. Fong Ramos at the Cathedral of Santiago de Cuba in Oriente, Cuba.  All my Brothers, Sisters, Nephews, Family Relatives, Friends, Colleagues, and Associates attended the wedding celebrations and were invited to all family events.  In retrospect, time passed by… my family relatives became adults and I did not attend the weddings for Olivia and Wayne Leaver, Miguel and Pam Hung, Santiago and Ileana, Guillermo and Millie, Mireya, Ileana, Santiago, Joaquin, Teresita, and/or the other family members.  All my Nieces and Nephews remember meeting with me when I visited them during travels to Miami, Hialeah in Florida and Queens, Flushing, Long Island, New York, USA.  My Sister-in-Law Silvia Hung-Simons did recall how I used to help her with Olivia who was my god-daughter, Miguelito, the second son, and the other two (2) children, Santiago and Raymundo when she lived at the house in Santiago de Cuba, Oriente, Cuba and I was studying at the University of Oriente. Nineteen (19) years ago, I purchased a second Lombard home at 502 South Westmore-Meyers Road and Washington Boulevard upon referral from Baird & Werner Realtor Paulette Weininger who contacted Century 21 Realtor Dino N. Lekousis at the Lombard Pines Shopping Center during August 1993.  My wife and son had already purchased the first Lombard home at 342 West Harrison and Elizabeth Street, near Finley Road near the Lombard Park District in DuPage County, Illinois USA.  Linda Schuster who lived in Westmont was the girlfriend of Paul Rathe who referred my youngest son and wife to buy a house in Village of Lombard, also known as Lilac Town for the Lilac Parade celebration near Main Street. My youngest son and wife moved to the Village of Lombard in 1992 urged by the insistence of Paul Rathe, a boyfriend who lived on Roscoe St. near Halsted St. in Chicago, Illinois USA.  My son’s friends and realtors wanted him to ask me for $10,000 cash in down payment for the Lombard home, coming from my IRA retirement funds and life-savings from working 4-5 jobs during the week and weekends; in addition, I had to provide monthly cash support for my wife and son while they lived in a Lombard home in DuPage County, Illinois USA.  One year afterwards, my son and wife insisted that I moved to Lombard with my daughter and son-in-law in order to buy a second home with the remainder of my 401K and IRA retirement savings funds.The Lombard Historic Brick Bungalow at 502 South Westmore-Meyers Road and Washington Boulevard was built in 1927 in Lilac Town, District 5, York Township in DuPage County, Illinois USA.This Lombard Historic Brick Bungalow has remained at the corner of Westmore Avenue and Washington Blvd. since the Ahrens Family built the Lombard property in 1927. Two centuries later, on September 2nd, 1993, I purchased the Lombard Historic Brick Bungalow from Debra Y. Sekrecki, with an initial down payment of $2,000, as earnest money paid by personal check, added to the total cash payment of $88,000 at a fixed interest rate not to exceed 8.00% per year, amortized over a period of fifteen (15) years. At the time, Debra Y. Sekrecki had two (2) children, a boy and a girl, lived with Stella, the tenant upstairs, and father Adam Sekrecki. Three months before, on July 11, 1993, I signed a Standard Residential Sales Contract from the Du Page Association of Realtors in agreement to purchase the Lombard real estate property at 502 S. Westmore Avenue in Lombard, Illinois 60148-3028 , owned by seller Debra Y. Sekrecki. The original closing date was scheduled on September 11, 1993. However, I was called by telephone to appear sooner on September 2nd, 1993, at 3:30 p.m., at the law office of Alan Dakoff, Telephone: 708-966-0488 begin_of_the_skype_highlighting 708-966-0488 FREE  end_of_the_skype_highlighting, located at 9291 North Maryland, in Niles, Illinois 60714 , U.S.A. Century 21, Action Real Estate provided a Buyer Service Pledge presented by Steve Block, Telephone: 630-627-5500 begin_of_the_skype_highlighting 630-627-5500 FREE  end_of_the_skype_highlighting, and Dino, the real estate agent with Roberto Hung and family, who signed in agreement. Afterwards, I  received a copy of Rider 412, Buyer’s Inspection which he signed as buyer with Debra Sekrecki, as seller. In 1993, Century 21, Action Real Estate described in a listing the Highlights of the Lombard Historic Brick Bungalow at the corner of Westmore Avenue and Washington Blvd., owned by Debra Y. Sekrecki with tenant Stella. At the time, the Du Page County Real Estate Taxes were only $2,744 for the brick house. After I purchased the same Lombard Brick House, the Lombard property taxes doubled for more than $4,000, without providing the senior citizens Homestead Exemption. This Lombard Brick Home Parcel Lot is located near Westmore Elementary School and St. Pius X Church School, Jackson Middle School , and Willowbrook High School . George Hornbeck’s Parcel No. 06-09-315038 is a subdivision, spacious 4-bedroom brick home with a second floor in-law or potential income arrangement. There were nine (9) room available with hardwood floors. Full finished basement. Front and rear enclosed porches for added living space. Fully fenced yard with a gas grill. There was a 2-car garage. Public transportation is available. This Lombard home parcel lot is close to school and shopping, near the Eastgate Center and State of Illinois facilities for the Secretary of State Vehicle Licenses Center and the Illinois Employment and Training Center (I.E.T.C.). Action Real Estate for Century 21 was serving Du Page and Cook counties at the Lombard Pines Shopping Center, 1125-J South Main Street, Lombard, Illinois 60148, in care of realtor Dino. On September 2nd, 1996, I completed full cash payment of the Lombard Brick Home at Maple Park State Bank, witnessed by my daughter, Gardenia C. Hung, and the bank manager. We  improved this Lombard Brick house by adding oak cabinets, an exterior halogen flood night light, (2) automatic garage door openers, changed all door locks, added gardening landscaping, apple trees orchard, and perennial flowers, and exotic plant species. Specifications for the Lombard Historic Brick Bungalow: Living Room: 25.4 X 11.10 sq. ft. Dining Room: 13.1 X 13.2 sq. ft. Kitchen: 11.6 X 10.8 sq. ft. Master Bdrm: 11.10 X 10.6 sq. ft. Bedroom: 11.5 X 10.6 sq. ft. Bedroom: 11.3 X 10.0 sq. ft. Bedroom: 15.8 X 10.0 sq. ft. Living Room: 13.10 X 12.2 sq. ft. Kitchen: 15 X 14 sq. ft. Pantry: 6 X 4 sq. ft. Utilities in the Basement. Basement Full Finished. Storage Rooms: 2. Closets: 10 

Mr. Roberto Hung Juris Doctor Purchased This Lombard Historic Brick Bungalow Built in 1927 at 502 S. Westmore-Meyers Rd. and Washington Boulevard in DuPage County, Illinois USA
Mr. Roberto Hung Juris Doctor Purchased A Lombard Historic Brick Bungalow Built in 1927 at the corner of Washington Boulevard and Westmore-Meyers Road in District 5, York Township, Du Page County, Illinois USA.
Copyright 2014 GHung.  All Rights Reserved.

Thursday, June 12, 2014

De Laudibus Legum Angliae: In Praise of the Laws of England–Quote from Sir John Fortescue | GHung's Blog

De Laudibus Legum Angliae: In Praise of the Laws of England–Quote from Sir John Fortescue | GHung's Blog



Part I, “De Laudibus Legum Angliae”–”In Praise of the Laws of England”–Quote from Sir John Fortescue (c.1395-c.1477)
“Common Law: Past, Present, Future, and Beyond…”
The legal grounds of common law are based “in its beginnings lost in the mist of the history of northern Europe and Scandinavia, touched by the influence of the Roman Empire and the history of the English peoples who are frequently invaded by cross-cultures, who remained, intermarried with the local citizens and greatly affected their customs and habits.”  While the Romans ruled Britain for almost 400 years, the development of the Justinian code and of the Roman law was still 100 years away before they left England .  During 600 A.D., the English were converted to Christianity and canon law became established in England .  Canon law, as a judicial system of the church, has been a significant factor in English legal history and has acquired a name all of its own–equity.  For many years, two (2) parallel courts existed in England , courts of equity, which were free to apply principles of conscience, and common law courts.  The “common law” is so called because it was “commonly” applied throughout the kingdom of England in the King’s Court.The last successful cross-cultural invasion of England was by the Normans over the Saxons in 1066 A.D., fought over the Battle of Hastings.  Since the 11th century A.D., the English were able to develop their own legal system in a typical English manner–they avoided the method of trying to write down all known laws on paper.”  The English won the protection of their own basic civil rights from their rulers, as noted in the Magna Carta endorsed and signed by King John in 1215.

From that time onwards, the English applied justice, equity, and fairness in the developing courts, with trials by jury for contests between individual citizens disputing over property, personal injuries and contracts.  At other times, acts of Parliament defined specific crimes and prescribed penalties.  Judges and members of Parliament established British English laws gradually by legal precedents.  The result is then what is known still today as “common law”: that is to say, custom, tradition, decisions by judges in specific cases and acts of Parliament.

This legal system based on “common law” has been well established for the last 400 years in the United States of America , between 1215 A.D. and 1607 A.D., when the British arrived and settled in Historical Jamestowne, Virginia.  For the American colonists, legal experience differed according to the background of the settlers.  Since lawyers were few at the time, important cases were heard and decided in London , England .  For the last 400 years, “common law” has become the most important root of the American legal system founded on solid judicial grounds from England and imported to the United States of America , during the 17th century through the 21st century and beyond…

Common law has been practiced throughout the kingdom by the King’s Court as long as the English languages has been used by the Angles, the Jutes, the Saxons, and the Normans, influenced by Latin and Greek, as well as by the Celts–the Welsh, the Irish, the Scots, and the Cornish–all Gaelic-speaking tribes who were natives of the British Isles before the English settled in the United Kingdom.

The Angles and the Jutes invaded England from Denmark .  The Saxons traveled from Saxony which is now known as Germany .  And the Normans sailed across the English Channel from France …

Following the Saxon invasion from Germany , the word “Anglii” and ” Anglia ” became part of the language as used by the Celts to refer to the invaders.  One hundred and fifty years after the first raids, King Aethelbert of Kent was named “rex Anglorum” by Pope Gregory.  Since then, these people have been called “Angelcynn” (Angle-kin) and their language was “Englisc”.  By 1000 Anno Domini, the country was generally known as “Englaland”, the land of Angles .

The development of the English language moved the practice of common law throughout the invasions of England and the cross-cultural revolutions which took place before and after the year 1066 A.D., marked by the Battle of Hastings, fought between King Harold II and King William I.

According to “The Story of English” by Robert McCrum, William Cran, and Robert McNeil, the Mother tongue known as English was brought to Britain by Germanic tribes, the Angles, the Saxons, and the Jutes, influenced by Latin and Greek when St. Augustine and his followers converted England to Christianity.  The English language has been subtly enriched by the Danes, and finally transformed by the Normans .  French-speaking William I of Normandy , also known as the Conqueror who won the battle of Hastings over Harold II in 1066 A.D.

In “The History of the English-speaking Peoples”, Sir Winston Churchill stated:  “We must never cease to proclaim in fearless tones the great principles of freedom and the rights of man, which are the joint inheritance of the English-speaking world and which through the Magna Carta, the Bill of Rights, the habeas corpus, trial by jury, and the English common law, find their expression in the Declaration of Independence, (of the United States of America)”.
During the first week of May 2007, Queen Elizabeth II and Sir Philip, Duke of Edinburgh were hosted by President George W. Bush and First Lady Laura Bush during their visit to Historic Jamestowne, Virginia , Kentucky , and Washington , D.C. They celebrated the 400th Anniversary of the British settlement since 1607, when the first English settlers arrived to the British Colonial fort, sited by Captain John Smith and “Matoakah” Pocahontas, Chief Powhatan’s Native American Indian Princess, and African-American slaves in North America and Canada, during the 17th century.

An example of “common law” is the concept of “conversion” which defines an intentional tort to personal property (same as “chattel”) where the wrongdoers’ unjustified, willful interference with the “chattel” deprives the owner of the possession of such “chattel”.  The owner must have actual possession or immediate right to possession since the time of the wrongful misuse, alteration, or abuse occurred.  Interference in common law “conversion” means the exercise of dominion over another’s chattel.  Intent to dispossess the owner of the chattel is not a required element of the claim.  In other words, intentional removal of another’s chattel under the mistaken belief that it belongs to the wrongdoer, does not relieve the wrongdoer of liability under conversion.

Stealing something from someone else is one form of conversion.  However, conversion is not limited to theft.  Conversion can also be accomplished by moving, transferring, discarding, hiding, vandalizing or destroying another person’s chattel.  Merely using another person’s chattel can be grounds for conversion in certain cases.

Legal remedy for conversion is usually in the form of damages restitution equal to the fair market value of the chattel at the time of conversion. 
Conversion is an interference with another’s ownership of property.  It is a general intent tor, not a specific intent tort.  That means that the intent to take or otherwise deal with the property is enough to support the claim.  The standard remedy and relief for conversion is a judgement for damages in an amount equal to the fair market value of the property.  Punitive damages are also possible to be assessed because conversion is an intentional tort.  For the last seventeen (17) years, the Village of Lombard has been trespassing and interfering with the Hung Family real estate property in Lombard, by damaging, stealing, and cheating the Hung Family in order to appropriate their assets in DuPage County, Illinois, USA.
Part II: Intentional tort–Conversion and trespass as “action in trover”
An intentional tort arises from deliberate invasion of another person’s rights, causing injury without just cause or excuse.  For instance, when John and Eva Carpenter moved next door to the Hung Family in Lombard during the summer of 2001, Eva Carpenter, the new neighbor drove backward into the Hung Family’s fence posts, between the adjoining driveway and caused damages to the existing fence on the first moving day into their new home in Lombard. The owner of the damaged fence posts complained and caused a lawsuit to be filed against the new neighbor for repeatedly driving into the owner’s fence posts with a van, a lawnmower, or deliberate carelessness.
Intentional torts include interference with a person’s freedom of movement, defamation of character (libel and slander), invasion of privacy, interference with property rights, misuse of the legal process, fraud, and the intentional infliction of emotional distress.
Trespass is a tort, a civil wrong because it interferes with a person’s property rights. For instance, John and Eva Carpenter’s son  jumps the fence adjoining the Hung Family’s property repeatedly without permission. Or, the Lombard Police Department in Du Page County, Illinois allows intruders, strangers, terrorists, and criminal repeat offenders to jump the owner’s fence into the backyard, under approval of the Village of Lombard, Town Hall staff, and the Village Manager, Bill Lichter, President Bill Mueller, including Trustee for District 5 Ken Florey, and others, without the authorization of the Hung Family as owners of the real estate property.
Common law “tort” action features unreasonable interference with the interests of another. For instance, intentional infliction of emotional distress is a tort. Case-in-point, John Carpenter, the neighbor calls the Lombard Police Department on the Hung Family when the daughter arrives one evening, last summer 2006, and walks into the backyard—there was nothing wrong in the backyard, at the house, or with the daughter of the late Mr. Roberto Hung, J.D.
An injured person may sue anyone who commits a tort against him/her to collect damages—money to compensate for the wrong.
Trespass is an unlawful intrusion that interferes with someone else’s possession of property. A trespass gives the property owner the right to bring a civil lawsuit and collect money damages for the interference and for any harm caused. Some states in the U.S.A. have laws that make trespass a crime and prosecute illicit access entry into property with punitive fines, sanctions, and imprisonment. Generally, a trespass is committed on real property (real estate or land and everything that is attached to it), but a trespass can also be to personal property (all other forms of property) as well.
Criminal trespass is accomplished by violence or tends to be a “breach of peace”. Some statutes consider any unlawful entry on another person’s real estate property as a criminal act. When the trespass involves violence or injury to a person or property, it is always considered criminal, and penalties may be increased for more serious or malicious acts. Criminal trespass is prosecuted in the State of Illinois by punitive fines, sanctions or imprisonment or both.
The standard remedy in an action for trespass to chattels is a judgment for an amount equal to the value of loss or use of the property. Damages from a trespass claim are based on the harm caused to the owner’s property, rather than the general value of the chattel. Under common law, many acts can constitute both “conversion” and “trespass” as “action in trover”.
Conversion as an “action in trover” under English common law is an ancient, historical form of legal action to recover possession of personal property, and its practice to settle disputes, contests, and arguments, has developed our modern sense and interpretation in the application of common law in the 21st century and beyond.
Action in trover is the technical name for a lawsuit to recover damages incurred for a wrongdoer’s “conversion” (wrongful taking, misuse, abuse, alteration or destruction) of personal property belonging to someone else. In trover actions, the measure of damages is normally in proportion to the value of the property at the time of conversion.
Legal “action in trover” is a remedy for conversion or the wrongful appropriation of the owner’s personal property. During the course of the 16th century, “action in trover” developed as a special form of legal action in a case.
Trover damages are measured in proportion to the market value of the property, plus compensation for deprivation of use, and compensation for other losses naturally and proximately caused by the wrongful taking of another’s property. The owner can also recover interest that would have been earned by the money value of the object and any expenses incurred in attempting to recover the property.
Another example of common law is “negligence per se”, that is to say behavioral conduct which is evidence of an unreasonable action (or failure to act) that causes injury to a person or damages to his/her property. Negligence per se, as carelessness in itself, is behavior that falls below the standards set by law for protecting others against risk or harm. As a result of “negligence per se”, anyone who is injured, or whose property is damaged because of someone else’s negligent act or failure to act, is entitled to bring a civil lawsuit against the wrongdoer, for an “action in trover”.
In itself, negligence is a state of mind involving carelessness, forgetfulness, inattentiveness, refusal to perform duties and obligations required by law and professional standards.
In negligence law, a person has an obligation and duty to exercise reasonable care for the physical safety and for the property of others people.
Negligence per se involves “misfeasance” which is to say, the improper doing of an act, and “nonfeasance”, that is to say, the failure to perform the required duty. In cases involving “imputed negligence”, the first person in charge may have a duty to see that the second person in force exercises care in regard to any third party or property. Thus, “imputed negligence” falls upon the first person when the second person fails to perform the duty of care for the third person, “vicariously”. In the same way, “respondeat superior”, in Latin, illustrates a principle of law that holds an employer liable and responsible for anything that an employee does during the course of employment. Case-in-point, the Village of Lombard is responsible for all its employees’ actions and non-actions, at all times.
When a person suffers harm because of someone else’s negligence, the same person can sue the negligent person and make him or her pay for the harm, damages and/or losses caused. Given that the negligent person owed the injured party a duty to use care; that he/she violated that duty by failing to act according to the required standard of care; and that the party incurred injury or that property was damaged as the result of the negligent person.
In the doctrine of “negligence per se”, the violations of statutes by the negligent person creates a case for legal action in itself, by default. In order for this doctrine (of negligence per se) to operate, the statute which has been violated must have been designed to prevent the type of injury or damaged suffered by a victim of crime, abused by another person due to “negligence per se”.
Case-in-point, in the legal action for Village of Lombard v. Hung, et al., the Plaintiff is subject to “negligence per se” for the violations of Illinois statutes pursuant to consumer service fraud, breach of the Fair Housing agreement contract, and Lombard real estate liability for the sale of old houses in Du Page County, Illinois, USA.
Since 1993, in the Village of Lombard, the Hung Family real estate property and all family members, have all been injured, disabled, and damaged due to the Village of Lombard’s failure to provide the duty of care, according to the required standard of care; and the Hung Family members and real estate property have all been victims of crime as a result of “negligence per se” by default in the Village of Lombard, Du Page County, Illinois, USA.
English common law is based on legal court precedents. Each legal cause of action is decided by a judge to establish a precedent which may be used as a guide for other judges to make subsequent decisions. Thus common law is active, dynamic, functional, and constantly evolving in time, upon legal precedents.
Traditionally, English common law was unwritten, “lex non scripta”—not written as a body of law; however, nowadays, there are extensive, historical, and contemporary compilations of the English common law for the 21st century and beyond.
Common law follows natural reason, logic, and man’s sense of justice, equity, and fairness. It is adopted by men and women to regulate legal behavior in social settings, disputes, contests, and arguments. Common law action is a civil lawsuit between opposing parties over a real legal issue in which the relief (help) requested as remedy is generally money granted as an award for damages.
Common law developed after the French Norman Conquest in 1066 A.D. as the law common to the whole of England, rather than the local law used by the Saxons, the Angles, the Jutes, and the Celts. As the court system became established later under King Henry II, and judges decisions became recorded in law reports, the doctrine of precedents developed.
Historically, common law is a system of laws that prevails in England and in all countries colonized by Great Britain and the British Commonwealth. The concept of “common law” is derived from the medieval theory that the law is administered by the King’s Court which represented “the custom commonly used throughout the realm”, in contrast to the custom of local jurisdiction that was applied in local or manorial courts. According to Sir John Davies (1569-1626), “it was nothing else but the Common Custome of the Realm” quoted in Preface to Reports, (1612). Later, Sir John Fortescue declared that the “realm has been continuously ruled by the same customs as it is now”, as noted “In Praise of the Laws of England”, c. 1470, in the original title, “De Laudibus Legum Angliae” in which the English Chancellor of the High Court of England discussed royal and political control, “sovereignty”, in response to the problem of tyranny, as presented by St. Thomas Aquina and Ptolemy of Lucca. Thomas Aquina exposed the idea of “De Regimine Principum” among the highest goals of medieval political thought—Sir John Fortescue sustained that while England was a “dominium politicum regale”, France, its secular opponent, represented a simple “dominium regale”. As the most important exponent of English political thought in the 15th century, Sir John Fortescue expressed simply that in contract to France, in England, the King was subject to the same right that the monarch approved with the two Chambers of Parliament, whose consensus was also necessary in order to establish taxes (11)—Sir John Fortescue, “De Laudibus Legum Angliae” as “In Praise for the Laws of England”, Chapters IX and XVIII.
English common law developed from legal usage within three (3) English courts as follow: the King’s Bench, Exchequer, and the Court of Common Pleas. The King’s Bench originally litigated the crown’s business (including criminal matters and had jurisdiction to correct errors from other courts of record). The Exchequer of Pleas, involved primarily revenue matters. Then, in a narrower sense, the common law was the body of law administered in Westminster Hall by the twelve (12) judges of the three superior courts of law. These were the Common Pleas, whose position as the prime court of civil suits had been secured by the Magna Carta (1215) and which continued to attract most civil litigation until the 18th century. The common law administered in these three (3) courts contrasted with “equity” as practiced primarily in the Court of Chancery. The Court of Chancery was originally designated as a “Court of Conscience”, concerned with securing justice in individual cases, rather than following strict rules.
In “Roots,” the role of the sheriff is presented as “the oldest continuing, non-military, law enforcement entity in the history of England”. In the 9th century, “shires” were municipal and administrative kingdoms divided by the King of England and assigned to trusted representatives. The shire representative appointed by the King protected his interest and the people of his particular land territory. In medieval English, the appointed trustees were called “reeves” as “guardians of the shire”. Historical usage of the words “shire-reeve” together, derived the contemporary term for the concept of “sheriff”, as we know their office of service today, before and after the French Norman invasion of England in 1066 A.D. In the past, the sheriff was responsible for keeping the peace, collecting taxes, maintaining jails, arresting fugitives, maintaining lists of wanted criminals, serving orders and writs for the King’s Court.
According to DeKalb County Sheriff Roger Scott, “the responsibilities of the office of the sheriff in England ebbed and flowed, depending on the mood and needs of kings and government”. The Magna Carta (1215) signed by King John restricted and circumscribed the responsibilities and duties of the sheriff in his times.
In the British Commonwealth, as well as in America, the concept of the sheriff has been adopted with the common law, through time, space, and physical presence. In the American colonies settled by the British since 1607 A.D., sheriffs were also appointed following the role model of English government. The first sheriff in the United States of America has been noted to be Captain William Stone, appointed in 1634 for the Shire of Northampton in the colony of Virginia. The first elected sheriff was William Waters in 1652 for the same shire. The word “shire” was used in many of the Commonwealth colonies, before the word “county” replaced its usage.
Under English common law, notaries public also provide another timeless office of service for the legal court system and the community at large. Since the Roman Republic, in the past, notaries public have drawn important documents and records writing for business and employment. During the times of the Roman Empire, notaries public were known under various titles in Latin, such as “scriba”, “cursor”, tabularius”, “tabelio”, “exceptor”, “actuaries”, and “notarius”, according to the historical times in which they lived and the duties performed. Notaries public are subject to regulation by law since the later days in Ancient Rome. Some of the notarial acts have been granted degrees of authenticity to be designated as public instruments and were required to be kept as records to be deposited in public archives for the government.
Notaries public are commissioned by the State of Illinois, Office of the Secretary of State Jesse White. Their term of office is four (4) years from the time of commission.
Throughout history, in the early past, notaries public were well known functionaries during the times of the great Charlemagne who vested notarial acts by scribes with public authority and provided notaries public appointments by his deputies in every locality in their territories. Charlemagne provided that each bishop, abbot, and count should have a notary public.
In England, appointed notaries public acted as “conveyancers”, before the French Norman Conquest in 1066 A.D., as shown by the fact that a grant of lands and manors was made by King Edward the Confessor, to the Abbot of Westminster by a charter written and attested by a notary public. In Great Britain, notaries public are authorized to administer oaths, and this official power is vested by statute.
The laws of the United States of America, under the Constitution and under God is similar, for notaries public and is often declared by the statutes of the various states and other jurisdictions.
It is my opinion that common law is established in the history of languages with the legal tradition of the past, interpreted in the present as precedents, to be preset in the future and beyond…the 21st century.
English common law is based on timeless, immemorial customs and legal practices founded on natural reason, persuasion, and logic. According to Edward Coke, “reason is the life of the law, nay, the common law itself is nothing else but reason”—from the First Part of the Institutes of the Laws of England or A Commentary upon Littleton by Edward Coke. Edited by Francis Hargrave and Charles Butler, (London, 1794).
Common law, within the context of its core principles, is perceived to be “timeless”. It is derived from legal authority “throughout the kingdom” as stated by Sir William Blackstone (1723-1780), in his Commentaries on the Laws of England, (1765-1769).
After the Civil War, U.S. Supreme Court Chief Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes wrote a book called, “The Common Law” (1881), in order to recognize that law evolved and that it was a byproduct/ consequence of historical events, rather than simply the result of reason. According to Oliver Wendell Holmes, “a moment’s insight is a life’s experience”.   Holmes’ book “The Common Law” focuses on experience rather than logic and has been compared as a legal analog to Charles Darwin’s “Origin of the Species” which discusses biological processes, rather than divine ones. Oliver Wendell Holmes helped to popularize the understanding that law evolves…through time, space, physical presence, and beyond the 21st century.
After the Second World War, there was a growing interest in the use of the common law as a tool for social reform. While some academics spoke of the legal process—the belief that there were methods of common law and statutory interpretation that were independent of politics existed—other academics and jurists on both ends of the political spectrum urged judges to use their common law power to remake the law on its foundations. Where once judges had wielded the law to limit corporate liability, some began to expand “tort” law to facilitate recovery of damages and losses for injured parties in hazardous conditions, as victims of crime, to dangerous drugs to professional malpractice.
Now in the 21st century, Modern America continues to practice “common law” as a byproduct of generations of judicial decisions and during the course of time and beyond. Common law is understood to be the result of judge-made innovations, interpretation, application, and perception of the circumstances involved in judicial case review. However, a more conservative conception of the common law has been re-emerging in the U.S. Supreme Court under Chief Justice John G. Roberts and fellow jurists, scholars, and colleagues during 2007. During the first term of office appointed by President George W. Bush, Chief Justice John G. Roberts moved the U.S. Supreme Court toward a new conservative direction within the context of President Bush’s “faith-based initiative”.
Since 1607, and for the last 400 years, judges still grapple and deliberate with new legal actions and struggle to apply precedents. Modern day judges are still using, applying, and interpreting the English common law system to date as a legal foundation to establish law practices for justice, equity, and fairness under the Constitution of the United States, and under God, throughout the 21st century and beyond…in the spirit of the times. Zeitgeist!
 
 
Sources:
From the Law Library of my father, Mr. Roberto Hung, J.D.
You and the Law. A Practical Guide to Everyday Law and How It Affects You and Your Family.Advisory Editor Henry V. Poor, Associate Dean of Yale University Law School, 1967-1972. Reader’s Digest Association, Inc., New York, 1971.Family Legal Guide. A Complete Encyclopedia of Law for the Layman. Reader’s Digest Association, New York, 1971.

Periodical, ‘The Week’, May 18, 2007 on the “400th Anniversary of Jamestowne, Virginia”.
Periodical,”The Week”. July 6-13, 2007. News. Main Stories. “The Roberts Court Chars a new direction”.
Periodical, ‘Newsweek’. Ideas, ‘Ties of Blood and History: Sir Winston Churchill’, February 26, 2007.
McCrum, Robert et al. The Story of English. BBC Public Television Series.The Illinois Sheriff, Spring 2005. ‘Roots. A Historical Perspective of the Office of the Sheriff’. DeKalb County Sheriff Roger Scott.

Fortescue, John (1394-1477). De Laudibus Legum Angliae. In Praise of the Laws of England.

http://www.answers.com/topic/commonlaw

John Marshal School of Law in Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Canada‘s Court System, Department of Justice Publication.
American Heritage Dictionary.Village of Lombard, et al. vs. Hung et al., Eighteenth Judicial Circuit Court, Chancery Division, 505 North County Farm Road, Wheaton, IL 60187, County of Du Page, State of Illinois, United States of America.

Churchill, Winston. A History of the English-Speaking Peoples.

Roberts, Andrew. A History of the English-Speaking Peoples since 1901.

QPB Dictionary of Ideas. Quality Paperback Book Club. (New York: Helicon Publishing Ltd., 1995 in the United Kingdom under the title The Hutchinson Dictionary of Ideas), page 108, Common Law.
Cambridge text in the History of Political Thought, CUP, 1997. Law: Sovereignty in the British Doctrine (From Bracton to Dicey). Notes by Joaquin Varela Suanzes in http://www.murdoch.edu.au/elaw/issues/v6n3/suanzes63_ notes.html
Fortescue, John. The Governance of England: Otherwise called the Difference between an Absolute and Limited Monarchy. Editor Charles Plummer. London: Oxford University Press, 1885. Reprinted 1999 by the Law Book Exchange, Ltd.
Anderson’s Manual for Notaries Public. Fifth Edition. Gilmer, Wesley, Jr., B.A., M.S.L.S., J.D. W.H. Anderson Company. Cincinnati, 1966.
Richard, Tom, PhD. Professor Emeritus of Linguistics, University of Wisconsin, USA.Hung, Gardenia C., M.A., B.A., Communications, Languages & Culture, Inc., 502 S. Westmore-Meyers Road, Lombard IL 60148-3028 USA. Email: GardHn@netscape.net
 
 





[1] QPB Dictionary of Ideas. Quality Paperback Book Club. (New York: Helicon Publishing Ltd., 1995 in the United Kingdom under the title The Hutchinson Dictionary of Ideas), page 108, Common Law.
[2] Cambridge text in the History of Political Thought, CUP, 1997. Law: Sovereignty in the British Doctrine (From Bracton to Dicey). Notes by Joaquin Varela Suanzes in http://www.murdoch.edu.au/elaw/issues/v6n3/suanzes63_ notes.html
Fortescue, John. The Governance of England: Otherwise called the Difference between an Absolute and Limited Monarchy. Editor Charles Plummer. London: Oxford University Press, 1885. Reprinted 1999 by the Law Book Exchange, Ltd.
[4] The Illinois Sheriff. Spring 2005. A magazine published by the Illinois Sheriff Association. “Roots. A Historical Perspective of the Office of the Sheriff”. By DeKalb County Sheriff Roger Scott. Pages 6-7.
[5] Anderson’s Manual for Notaries Public. Fifth Edition. Gilmer, Wesley, Jr., B.A., M.S.L.S., J.D. W.H. Anderson Company. Cincinnati, 1966. Chapter 1, Page 2.
[6] The Week. July 6-13, 2007. News. Main Stories. “The Roberts Court Charts a new direction”.
 
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